Did you know that the HCG diet, which involves severe calorie restriction and the use of HCG hormone products, has been deemed unsafe and ineffective by the FDA? On the other hand, the Blood Type Diet claims to optimize energy levels and promote weight loss by tailoring the diet to an individual’s blood type. But is there scientific evidence to support these claims? Let’s dive deeper into the impact of these diets on energy levels and overall health.
Key Takeaways:
- The HCG diet has been deemed unsafe and ineffective by the FDA.
- The Blood Type Diet claims to optimize energy levels based on an individual’s blood type.
- Scientific evidence supporting the effectiveness of both diets is limited.
- Consulting with a healthcare professional is recommended before starting any diet plan.
- A balanced diet and regular exercise are safer and more effective weight loss options.
The HCG Diet: Safety and Effectiveness Concerns
When considering the HCG diet for weight loss, it is important to understand the safety and effectiveness concerns surrounding this approach. The HCG diet has received attention for its potential to aid in rapid weight loss, but it has also raised red flags with regulatory agencies like the FDA.
The FDA has advised against the use of HCG hormone products for weight loss, deeming them unsafe. In fact, the use of over-the-counter HCG weight-loss products is illegal in the United States. This is because these products have not been proven to be safe or effective for weight loss. It is crucial to prioritize your health and safety when embarking on a weight loss journey.
Calorie restriction is a key component of the HCG diet, with an extreme calorie intake of only 500 to 800 calories per day. While this dramatic reduction in calorie intake may lead to initial weight loss, there are potential risks and side effects associated with such severe calorie restriction. It can increase the likelihood of gallstone formation, irregular heartbeat, and nutrient deficiencies. Additionally, an imbalance of electrolytes may occur, which can disrupt normal bodily functions.
One of the most concerning issues is cancer risk. While not directly linked to the HCG diet itself, severe and prolonged calorie restriction, such as that seen in this diet, has been associated with an increase in cancer risk. It is crucial to prioritize a balanced and nourishing approach to weight loss, focusing on long-term health and sustainability.
Side effects related to the HCG diet may include fatigue, irritability, depression, and an increased risk of blood clots. These side effects can significantly impact physical and emotional well-being, potentially leading to a negative overall experience with the diet.
If your goal is weight loss, there are safer and more effective methods recommended by healthcare professionals. Balanced nutrition and regular exercise are key pillars of sustainable weight loss. A diet that includes a variety of nutrient-dense foods, appropriate calorie intake, and regular physical activity can help you achieve and maintain your weight loss goals in a healthy manner.
It is always essential to consult with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian before starting any weight loss plan, including the HCG diet. They can provide personalized guidance based on your individual needs, health status, and goals to ensure you choose a safe and effective approach to weight loss.
The Science Behind the HCG Diet
The HCG hormone, produced during early pregnancy, has been extensively studied as a potential tool for weight loss. However, scientific research has consistently shown that weight loss achieved on the HCG diet is primarily due to extreme calorie restriction rather than the HCG hormone itself. While the HCG hormone is present in the body during pregnancy and plays a role in metabolism, its impact on weight loss in non-pregnant individuals is limited.
Multiple studies have found no significant evidence to support the claim that the HCG hormone boosts metabolism or reduces hunger. Weight loss on the HCG diet can be attributed to the severe calorie restriction, which creates a calorie deficit leading to weight loss. This extreme calorie restriction can result in rapid weight loss but may also lead to detrimental effects on the body.
Contrary to claims made by proponents of the HCG diet, there is no scientific evidence to support the notion that the HCG hormone prevents muscle loss or elevates other hormones to promote weight loss. In fact, rapid weight loss through severe calorie restriction can result in the loss of muscle mass, as the body may utilize muscle tissue for energy when insufficient calories are consumed. This can have a negative impact on body composition, metabolism, and overall health.
“The HCG diet’s weight loss effects are primarily due to extreme calorie restriction rather than the HCG hormone itself.”
Rapid weight loss also has the potential to slow down metabolism, making it even more challenging to sustain weight loss in the long term. The body may enter a state of metabolic adaptation, where it adjusts to the reduced calorie intake by conserving energy and slowing down the metabolic rate.
The Role of Metabolism and Body Composition in Weight Loss
Metabolism refers to the processes by which the body converts food into energy. It plays a crucial role in weight management. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the number of calories the body needs to perform essential functions at rest. It is influenced by factors such as body composition, age, gender, and genetics.
Body composition, including the proportion of muscle mass and fat mass, also influences metabolism and weight loss. Higher muscle mass can increase BMR, as muscle tissue requires more energy to maintain compared to fat tissue. Therefore, losing muscle mass during weight loss can negatively impact metabolism.
It is important to approach weight loss in a way that promotes the preservation of muscle mass and a healthy metabolism. Sustainable weight loss strategies involve consuming a balanced diet that provides adequate nutrition and energy to support bodily functions, along with regular exercise to build muscle and promote overall health.
| Scientific Findings | |
|---|---|
| Evidence supports the role of extreme calorie restriction, not the HCG hormone, in weight loss on the HCG diet. | |
| There is no scientific evidence to suggest that the HCG hormone boosts metabolism or significantly reduces hunger. | |
| Rapid weight loss on the HCG diet can result in the loss of muscle mass and potentially slow down metabolism. | |
| Body composition, including muscle mass, plays a significant role in metabolism and overall weight management. |
In conclusion, while the HCG hormone has been proposed as a weight loss tool, scientific evidence supports that weight loss achieved on the HCG diet is primarily due to extreme calorie restriction rather than the hormone itself. The HCG diet does not provide significant metabolic benefits or effectively address hunger. Rapid weight loss through severe calorie restriction can lead to muscle loss and potential metabolic slowdown. It is important to prioritize sustainable weight loss methods that preserve muscle mass and support overall health.
How the HCG Diet Works
The HCG diet follows a structured approach with three distinct phases: the loading phase, weight loss phase, and maintenance phase. Each phase serves a specific purpose in achieving weight loss goals while maintaining overall health and well-being. Let’s explore each phase in detail.
The Loading Phase
The HCG diet begins with the loading phase, which lasts for two days. During this phase, individuals are encouraged to consume high-fat, high-calorie foods. The purpose of this phase is to prepare the body for the upcoming weight loss phase and ensure sufficient energy reserves. It is important to note that these foods should still be consumed mindfully, focusing on healthy fats and nutritional value.
The Weight Loss Phase
Following the loading phase, individuals enter the weight loss phase, which typically lasts for three to six weeks, depending on individual weight loss goals. This phase involves a significant calorie restriction, usually around 500 or 800 calories per day. Alongside the calorie restriction, individuals take HCG hormone supplements. The combination of calorie restriction and HCG supplementation is believed to promote fat burning and weight loss.
The Maintenance Phase
Once the weight loss phase is complete, individuals transition into the maintenance phase. In this phase, HCG supplementation is discontinued, and calorie intake gradually increases. The focus during this phase is on stabilizing weight loss and establishing healthy eating habits. Individuals are advised to avoid sugar and starches for three weeks to prevent weight regain. Calorie intake should still be monitored, and a balanced, nutrient-dense diet should be followed for overall well-being.
It is important to note that the number of calories and duration of each phase may vary based on individual goals and requirements. Consulting with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian is highly recommended to ensure safe and effective implementation of the HCG diet.
| Phase | Description |
|---|---|
| Loading Phase | Consumption of high-fat, high-calorie foods for two days |
| Weight Loss Phase | Severe calorie restriction (500-800 calories per day) alongside HCG hormone supplements for three to six weeks |
| Maintenance Phase | Discontinuing HCG supplementation, gradually increasing calorie intake, and avoiding sugar and starches for three weeks |
Approved and Restricted Foods on the HCG Diet
When following the HCG diet, it’s important to carefully select the foods that align with the program’s guidelines. Below are the approved and restricted food categories on the HCG diet:
Lean Proteins:
The HCG diet encourages the consumption of lean proteins to support weight loss. Lean protein options include chicken breast, egg whites, white fish, crab, and lean cuts of beef. These protein sources provide essential amino acids and help maintain muscle mass during the diet.
Approved Vegetables:
A variety of vegetables are allowed on the HCG diet. Approved options include spinach, lettuce, celery, cauliflower, and tomatoes. These vegetables provide important vitamins, minerals, and fiber to keep you feeling satisfied and nourished throughout the diet.
Approved Fruits:
The HCG diet restricts fruit options to those with lower sugar content. Approved fruits include berries (such as strawberries and blueberries), citrus fruits (like oranges and grapefruits), and apples. These fruits offer natural sweetness while still adhering to the diet’s restrictions.
Seasonings:
Herbs and spices can be used to add flavor to HCG diet meals. Common seasonings include garlic, black pepper, cumin, basil, and parsley. These seasonings enhance the taste of your meals without adding extra calories or compromising the diet’s guidelines.
Beverages:
Hydration is essential during the HCG diet, and certain beverages are allowed. Coffee and tea (unsweetened) can be consumed, providing a source of caffeine and antioxidants. It is important to stay well-hydrated by drinking plenty of water throughout the day.
While there are approved food options on the HCG diet, it’s crucial to be aware of the restricted or prohibited foods. The diet restricts or excludes dairy products, grains, fats and oils, sweeteners, and high-calorie foods. These foods can hinder weight loss and may not align with the diet’s goal of rapid weight reduction.
By following the approved food categories on the HCG diet, you can enjoy a well-rounded and satisfying diet while working towards your weight loss goals.
Scam Products and Safety Concerns on the HCG Diet
When considering the use of HCG products for weight loss, it is crucial to be aware of the potential scams and safety concerns surrounding these products.
Many HCG products available online claim to be homeopathic, suggesting that they contain HCG hormone in diluted amounts. However, it is important to note that these products do not actually contain real HCG hormone. Only prescription HCG injections have been proven to raise blood levels of HCG and have any potential effect on weight loss.
The FDA has issued warnings regarding the safety and efficacy of HCG products, deeming them illegal and unregulated. These products are not approved for over-the-counter use and have not undergone the necessary scrutiny to determine their safety and effectiveness as weight-loss aids.
As a responsible consumer, it is essential to exercise caution and avoid these potentially fraudulent HCG products. The safety and effectiveness of these unregulated products have not been established, and their use may pose serious health risks.
To ensure your safety during your weight loss journey, consult with a healthcare professional who can provide guidance on safe and effective weight loss methods tailored to your individual needs and goals.
| HCG Products | Prescription HCG Injections |
|---|---|
| Claim to be homeopathic | Contain real HCG hormone |
| Illegal and unregulated | Approved for use under medical supervision |
| May pose safety concerns | Prescribed and administered by healthcare professionals |
| Not approved for over-the-counter use | Strictly regulated and monitored by the FDA |
It is important to prioritize your health and well-being by selecting safe and evidence-based methods for weight loss. Remember, there are alternative approaches, such as a balanced diet and regular exercise, that are recommended by healthcare professionals for achieving sustainable weight loss goals.
The Blood Type Diet: An Overview
The Blood Type Diet is a personalized eating plan based on the theory that an individual’s blood type determines their nutritional needs. Proponents of this diet claim that eating according to blood type can optimize energy levels, promote weight loss, and improve overall health.
The Blood Type Diet recommends specific foods and exercises for each blood type, emphasizing the consumption of certain foods and restricting others. For example, individuals with blood type O are advised to follow a high-protein diet, while those with blood type A are encouraged to focus on plant-based foods.
“Eating according to blood type can optimize energy levels, promote weight loss, and improve overall health.” – Blood Type Diet proponents
However, it is important to note that the scientific evidence supporting the effectiveness of the Blood Type Diet is limited. While some small studies have shown modest benefits, larger, more rigorous studies are needed to validate these claims.
Additionally, the Blood Type Diet may not be suitable or necessary for everyone. Individual dietary needs and preferences vary, and a one-size-fits-all approach may not be the most effective or sustainable way to achieve optimal energy levels and weight loss.
Consulting with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian is recommended before starting any diet plan, including the Blood Type Diet. They can provide personalized guidance and support based on individual needs and goals, taking into account factors such as overall health, medical conditions, and lifestyle.
Blood Type Diet Recommendations
| Blood Type | Recommended Foods | Restricted Foods |
|---|---|---|
| Type O | High-protein foods such as lean meats, fish, and vegetables | Dairy products, wheat, and certain grains |
| Type A | Plant-based foods, such as fruits, vegetables, and legumes | Meat, dairy, and certain grains |
| Type B | Balance of plant-based foods and lean meats | Chicken, corn, wheat, and certain legumes |
| Type AB | Combination of Type A and Type B recommendations | Certain meats, dairy, and grains |
It is important to remember that achieving optimal energy levels and weight loss is a complex process that involves various factors, including overall calorie intake, nutrient composition, physical activity, and individual genetics. A balanced and varied diet, along with regular exercise, is generally recommended for maintaining overall health and well-being.
The Blood Type Diet and Energy Levels
Advocates of the Blood Type Diet claim that eating according to blood type can enhance energy levels. However, there is insufficient scientific evidence to support this claim. The diet’s focus on particular foods may lead to nutrient deficiencies, especially if certain food groups are restricted. It is important to ensure a balanced and varied diet to maintain optimal energy levels. Consulting with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian is recommended before starting any diet plan, including the Blood Type Diet.
Addressing Nutrient Deficiencies
The Blood Type Diet suggests specific dietary recommendations based on an individual’s blood type. Each blood type is associated with certain foods considered beneficial or detrimental. While this approach may seem intriguing, it is essential to recognize the potential risk of nutrient deficiencies that may arise from restricting certain food groups.
For example, individuals with blood type O are encouraged to consume a high-protein diet, which may enhance energy levels. However, this may lead to insufficient intake of essential nutrients found in other food groups, such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Similarly, individuals with blood type A are advised to avoid meat and focus on plant-based foods. While this may promote overall health, it could result in inadequate protein and certain nutrient intakes if not carefully planned.
It is crucial to maintain a well-rounded and balanced diet that includes a variety of nutrient-rich foods. This can help prevent nutrient deficiencies and support optimal energy levels. Consulting with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian can provide personalized guidance and ensure that your dietary choices align with your energy needs.
Insufficient Scientific Evidence
The Blood Type Diet claims to optimize energy levels through a personalized eating plan based on blood type. However, scientific evidence supporting this claim is lacking. While individual anecdotes and testimonials may highlight positive experiences, scientific research has not consistently demonstrated the effectiveness of the diet in enhancing energy levels.
“The Blood Type Diet is an intriguing concept, but it lacks robust scientific evidence. We need more well-designed studies to confirm whether eating according to blood type truly impacts energy levels.” – Dr. Jane Anderson, Registered Dietitian
It is important to approach the Blood Type Diet with caution and consider it as one of many factors influencing energy levels. Other factors such as overall diet quality, physical activity, sleep patterns, and stress management play significant roles in maintaining and improving energy levels.
Consulting with a Healthcare Professional
Prior to embarking on any diet plan, including the Blood Type Diet, consulting with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian can provide valuable insights and personalized guidance. They can assess your individual needs, evaluate potential risks, and help create a well-balanced meal plan that supports optimal energy levels and overall health.
Remember, a healthy and sustainable approach to eating involves consuming a variety of nutrient-dense foods, regular physical activity, and adequate rest. Prioritizing overall well-being and adopting evidence-based dietary strategies will likely have a more significant impact on energy levels and overall health than solely relying on the Blood Type Diet.
Next, we will explore the Blood Type Diet’s effectiveness for weight loss and consider alternative safe and effective weight loss options. It is essential to evaluate the available evidence and consult with healthcare professionals to make informed decisions about your dietary choices and weight loss goals.
| Blood Type | Recommended Foods | Restricted Foods |
|---|---|---|
| Type O | Lean meats, fish, vegetables, fruits | Grains, dairy, legumes |
| Type A | Plant-based foods, seafood, grains | Meat, dairy, processed foods |
| Type B | Meat, dairy, vegetables, legumes | Grains, chicken, processed foods |
| Type AB | Seafood, dairy, tofu, grains, fruits, vegetables | Red meat, kidney beans, corn, processed foods |
The Blood Type Diet for Weight Loss
The Blood Type Diet proposes a personalized eating plan based on an individual’s blood type to facilitate weight loss. Advocates claim that by aligning your diet with your blood type, you can achieve optimal weight loss results. However, it is important to note that there is limited scientific evidence supporting the efficacy of the Blood Type Diet in promoting weight loss.
Weight loss is a complex process influenced by various factors, including calorie intake, nutrient composition, and physical activity levels. While the Blood Type Diet may offer some guidance in terms of food choices, it is essential to maintain a well-rounded, balanced diet and incorporate sustainable lifestyle changes to achieve lasting weight loss results.
Focusing solely on the Blood Type Diet for weight loss may overlook other crucial factors that contribute to successful weight management. It is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian who can provide personalized guidance based on your specific nutritional needs and weight loss goals.
Remember that sustainable weight loss requires a holistic approach that encompasses not only dietary changes but also regular physical activity, portion control, and overall healthy lifestyle habits. By adopting these strategies, you can achieve long-term weight loss success.
Comparing the HCG Diet and the Blood Type Diet
When it comes to weight loss and optimizing energy levels, two popular diet plans often enter the conversation: the HCG diet and the Blood Type Diet. However, these diets differ in terms of safety, effectiveness, and scientific evidence.
The HCG diet, although claimed to promote weight loss, has been deemed unsafe and ineffective by the FDA. The severe calorie restriction and use of HCG hormone products have raised concerns about potential health risks, including an increased cancer risk and side effects such as fatigue and depression. On the other hand, the Blood Type Diet is a personalized eating plan that aims to optimize energy levels and promote weight loss based on an individual’s blood type.
While the HCG diet lacks FDA approval and has associated risks, the scientific evidence supporting the effectiveness of the Blood Type Diet is limited. It is essential to consider the potential risks and benefits of each diet before making any dietary changes. Consulting with a healthcare professional can provide personalized guidance and help determine the most effective and sustainable approach for weight loss and increased vitality.
Key Differences between the HCG Diet and the Blood Type Diet
| HCG Diet | Blood Type Diet |
|---|---|
| Deemed unsafe and ineffective by the FDA | Limited scientific evidence supporting effectiveness |
| Involves severe calorie restriction | Personalized eating plan based on blood type |
| Potential health risks and side effects | May lack essential nutrients due to food restrictions |
| No approved over-the-counter HCG products | Lacks FDA approval and regulation |
Both the HCG diet and the Blood Type Diet claim to promote weight loss and optimize energy levels. However, it is crucial to consider the potential risks and benefits associated with each diet. For a more effective and sustainable approach, personalized nutrition advice tailored to individual needs and goals may be the key to achieving weight loss and increased vitality.
Other Safe and Effective Weight Loss Options
When it comes to weight loss, there are numerous options that prioritize safety and effectiveness, without the risks associated with the HCG diet or unproven theories like the Blood Type Diet. One such option is adopting a balanced diet combined with regular exercise, which offers sustainable results and promotes overall health and well-being.
A balanced diet is rich in nutrient-dense foods such as fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, and healthy fats. These foods provide essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants while keeping calorie intake in check. By consuming a variety of wholesome foods, you can ensure that your body receives all the necessary nutrients it needs to function optimally.
Regular exercise is another crucial component of any effective weight loss plan. Engaging in physical activity helps burn calories, improve cardiovascular health, and build lean muscle mass. It also boosts metabolism, which can aid in weight loss and weight management.
“A balanced diet and regular exercise are key to achieving safe and sustainable weight loss.”
Consulting with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian is highly recommended before starting any weight loss program. They can provide personalized guidance, develop a tailored nutrition and exercise plan, and help you set realistic goals. Additionally, they can monitor your progress and make necessary adjustments to ensure long-term success.
Key Benefits of Safe Weight Loss Options:
- Promotes sustainable weight loss
- Maintains overall health and vitality
- Provides essential nutrients for optimal body function
- Enhances metabolism and calorie burning
- Supports cardiovascular health
- Helps build lean muscle mass
Comparison: HCG Diet vs. Safe Weight Loss Options
While the HCG diet and the Blood Type Diet claim to offer weight loss benefits, the safety and effectiveness of both approaches are questionable. In contrast, safe weight loss options, such as a balanced diet and regular exercise, have been extensively studied and proven beneficial for overall health and weight management.
Unlike the HCG diet, which involves severe calorie restriction and potential health risks, safe weight loss options focus on nourishing the body with nutrient-dense foods and engaging in exercise that suits individual needs and preferences. These approaches prioritize long-term success and well-being, rather than quick-fix solutions that may have adverse effects on health.
Conclusion
When comparing the HCG diet and the Blood Type Diet, it is crucial to consider their safety, effectiveness, and scientific evidence. The HCG diet, while popular, has been deemed unsafe and ineffective by the FDA and carries potential health risks. On the other hand, the Blood Type Diet lacks sufficient scientific support to substantiate its claims of optimizing energy levels and promoting weight loss. Both diets may have potential risks and limitations.
For those seeking safe and evidence-based weight loss approaches, I recommend prioritizing a balanced diet and regular exercise. A balanced diet that includes fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, and healthy fats provides essential nutrients while helping to manage weight. Regular exercise not only supports weight loss but also improves overall health and vitality.
It is important to consult with a healthcare professional to tailor a safe and effective diet plan that aligns with individual needs and goals. They can provide personalized guidance and support by considering factors such as medical history, current health status, and lifestyle. Together, you can develop a sustainable approach to weight loss and maintaining optimal energy levels.
FAQ
Are energy levels on the HCG diet different from the Blood Type Diet?
The HCG diet and the Blood Type Diet may have different effects on energy levels. The HCG diet is associated with potential side effects such as fatigue, while the Blood Type Diet claims to optimize energy levels, although the scientific evidence is limited.
Is the HCG diet safe and effective?
The HCG diet has been deemed unsafe and ineffective by the FDA. It has not been approved for over-the-counter use and has been linked to potential health risks, including an increase in cancer risk and side effects such as fatigue and depression.
How does the HCG hormone impact weight loss?
The HCG hormone has not been found to have a significant impact on weight loss. Weight loss achieved on the HCG diet is primarily due to extreme calorie restriction, not the HCG hormone itself.
What are the phases of the HCG diet?
The HCG diet is divided into three phases: the loading phase, weight loss phase, and maintenance phase. Each phase has specific guidelines and objectives in terms of calorie intake and food choices.
What foods are allowed on the HCG diet?
The HCG diet allows for lean proteins such as chicken, egg whites, and lean beef. Approved vegetables include spinach, lettuce, and cauliflower. Approved fruits are limited to berries, citrus fruits, and apples. Certain fats, grains, and sweeteners are restricted or prohibited.
Are there safety concerns with HCG products?
Many HCG products available online claim to be homeopathic, but they do not contain real HCG hormone. Only prescription HCG injections can raise blood levels of HCG. The FDA has warned against the safety and fraudulent weight-loss claims of HCG products, deeming them illegal and unregulated.
What is the Blood Type Diet?
The Blood Type Diet is a personalized eating plan that takes into account an individual’s blood type and claims to optimize energy levels and promote weight loss. It recommends specific foods and exercises for each blood type, but the scientific evidence supporting its effectiveness is limited.
Does the Blood Type Diet enhance energy levels?
There is insufficient scientific evidence to support the claim that the Blood Type Diet enhances energy levels. It is important to ensure a balanced and varied diet overall to maintain optimal energy levels.
Can the Blood Type Diet help with weight loss?
The scientific evidence supporting the Blood Type Diet’s effectiveness for weight loss is limited. Sustainable weight loss is influenced by multiple factors, including overall calorie intake and physical activity levels. It is recommended to focus on a balanced diet and lifestyle changes rather than relying solely on the Blood Type Diet for weight loss.
How do the HCG diet and the Blood Type Diet compare?
The HCG diet has been deemed unsafe and ineffective by the FDA, while the scientific evidence supporting the effectiveness of the Blood Type Diet is limited. It is important to consider the potential risks and benefits of each diet and consult with a healthcare professional before making any dietary changes.
What are other safe and effective weight loss options?
There are many safe and effective weight loss options available that do not involve the risks associated with the HCG diet or rely on potentially unproven theories like the Blood Type Diet. A balanced diet, regular exercise, and consulting with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian are recommended for sustainable weight loss.
Is it important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any diet plan?
Yes, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any diet plan, including the HCG diet or the Blood Type Diet. A healthcare professional can provide personalized guidance and support, ensuring the diet aligns with your weight loss and vitality goals.
